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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh-Hans">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>059. 括号生成 – 图解</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../shared/style.css">
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<style>
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/* page-specific overrides */
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.vis-area { min-height: 120px; padding: 16px 0; }
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.code-section { margin-top: 16px; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<h1>🟡 059. 括号生成 <span class="badge medium">中等</span></h1>
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<p class="subtitle">分类：回溯 ｜ LeetCode Hot 100</p>
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<!-- 控制面板 -->
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<div class="controls" id="controls">
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<label for="inputArea">输入：</label>
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<input type="text" id="inputArea" placeholder="默认示例，可自定义">
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<button id="applyBtn" class="primary">生成图解</button>
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<select id="exampleSelect"></select>
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<span style="flex:1"></span>
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<button id="prevBtn">◀ 上一步</button>
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<button id="nextBtn">下一步 ▶</button>
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<button id="jumpBtn">⏭ 跳到结果</button>
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<button id="autoBtn">自动播放</button>
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<button id="resetBtn">重置</button>
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</div>
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<!-- 步骤流水线 -->
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<div class="pipeline" id="pipeline"></div>
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<!-- 提示条 -->
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<div class="hint info" id="hintBox">
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<span id="stepInfo"></span><br>
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<span id="hintText"></span>
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</div>
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<!-- 可视化面板 -->
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<div class="panels">
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<div class="panel" id="mainPanel">
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<h3>📊 可视化</h3>
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<div class="vis-area" id="vizArea">点击「生成图解」开始</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-grid">
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<div class="panel" id="detailPanel">
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<h3>📝 当前步骤详情</h3>
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<div id="detailContent">等待开始...</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel" id="resultPanel">
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<h3>✅ 结果</h3>
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<div id="resultContent">等待完成...</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 代码 -->
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<div class="panel code-section">
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<h3>💻 参考代码（Python）</h3>
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<div id="codeArea"></div>
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</div>
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<footer>Powered by QwenPaw · 图解算法 · LeetCode Hot 100</footer>
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</div>
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<script src="../shared/algo-viz.js"></script>
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<script>
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"use strict";
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(function() {
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// ========== Algorithm Logic ==========
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const examples = [
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{input: 3, label: '示例1: n=3'},
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{input: 1, label: '示例2: n=1'},
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{input: 2, label: '示例3: n=2'},
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];
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let n, steps, stepCtrl;
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function buildSteps(nn) {
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n = nn; steps = [];
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const result = [];
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const path = [];
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steps.push({stage:'start', msg:`生成 ${n} 对括号的有效组合`, path:[], open:0, close:0, result:[]});
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function backtrack(open, close) {
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if (path.length === 2 * n) {
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result.push(path.join(''));
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steps.push({stage:'collect', msg:`组合完成: "${path.join('')}"`, path:[...path], open, close, result:JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result))});
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return;
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}
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if (open < n) {
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path.push('(');
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steps.push({stage:'add_open', msg:`open(${open})<${n}，添加 '(' → open=${open+1}`, path:[...path], open:open+1, close, result:JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result))});
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backtrack(open + 1, close);
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path.pop();
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steps.push({stage:'undo', msg:`回溯 '('，open=${open}`, path:[...path], open, close, result:JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result))});
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}
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if (close < open) {
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path.push(')');
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steps.push({stage:'add_close', msg:`close(${close})<open(${open})，添加 ')' → close=${close+1}`, path:[...path], open, close:close+1, result:JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result))});
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backtrack(open, close + 1);
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path.pop();
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steps.push({stage:'undo', msg:`回溯 ')'，close=${close}`, path:[...path], open, close, result:JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result))});
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}
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}
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backtrack(0, 0);
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steps.push({stage:'done', msg:`共 ${result.length} 个有效组合`, path:[], open:0, close:0, result:JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result))});
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}
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function render(step) {
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const s = steps[step];
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let viz = `<div style="font-size:28px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:4px;margin:12px 0;font-family:monospace;">`;
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const str = s.path.join('');
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for (let i=0; i<str.length; i++) {
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const ch = str[i];
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viz += `<span style="color:${ch==='('?'var(--blue)':'var(--green)'};">${ch}</span>`;
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}
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viz += '<span style="color:var(--text-muted);">_'.repeat(Math.max(0, 2*n - str.length)) + '</span></div>';
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viz += `<div style="display:flex;gap:16px;margin-top:8px;">
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<span style="color:var(--blue);font-weight:700;">open = ${s.open} / ${n}</span>
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<span style="color:var(--green);font-weight:700;">close = ${s.close} / ${s.open}</span>
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</div>`;
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// visual bar
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viz += `<div style="margin-top:8px;display:flex;gap:4px;">`;
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for (let i=0; i<n; i++) viz += `<div style="width:24px;height:8px;border-radius:4px;background:${i<s.open?'var(--blue)':'#e2e8f0'};"></div>`;
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viz += `<span style="margin:0 8px;font-size:14px;">(</span>`;
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for (let i=0; i<n; i++) viz += `<div style="width:24px;height:8px;border-radius:4px;background:${i<s.close?'var(--green)':'#e2e8f0'};"></div>`;
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viz += `<span style="margin-left:8px;font-size:14px;">)</span></div>`;
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if (s.result.length > 0) {
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viz += '<div style="margin-top:8px;"><b>已找到：</b></div><div style="display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px;">';
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s.result.forEach(r => { viz += `<span class="chip green" style="min-width:auto;padding:2px 10px;font-size:13px;font-family:monospace;">${r}</span>`; });
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viz += '</div>';
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}
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$('vizArea').innerHTML = viz;
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$('detailContent').innerHTML = '<div class="calc-block">' + s.msg + '</div>';
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if (s.stage==='done') $('resultContent').innerHTML = `<div class="final-answer">共 <b>${s.result.length}</b> 个组合<br>[${s.result.map(r=>'"'+r+'"').join(', ')}]</div>`;
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$('hintText').textContent = s.msg;
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const stages = ['start→开始','add_open→加左括号','add_close→加右括号','collect→收集','undo→回溯','done→完成'];
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$('pipeline').innerHTML = stages.map(st => { const [k,l]=st.split('→'); return `<span class="pipe-step ${s.stage===k?'active':''}">${l}</span>`; }).join('<i>→</i>');
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}
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function init() {
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const sel = $('exampleSelect');
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examples.forEach((e,i) => { sel.innerHTML += `<option value="${i}">${e.label}</option>`; });
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$('inputArea').value = '3';
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buildSteps(examples[0].input);
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stepCtrl = new StepController({onStep: render});
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stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i));
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$('stepInfo').textContent = '步骤 1 / ' + steps.length;
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stepCtrl.onStep = (idx) => { render(idx); $('stepInfo').textContent = `步骤 ${idx+1} / ${steps.length}`; };
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$('applyBtn').onclick = () => {
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const v = parseInt($('inputArea').value);
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if (isNaN(v)||v<1||v>6) { alert('请输入1-6的整数'); return; }
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buildSteps(v); stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i)); render(0); $('stepInfo').textContent = '步骤 1 / ' + steps.length;
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};
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$('exampleSelect').onchange = () => {
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const e = examples[parseInt($('exampleSelect').value)];
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buildSteps(e.input); stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i)); render(0);
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};
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$('prevBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.prev();
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$('nextBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.next();
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$('jumpBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.jumpToEnd();
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$('autoBtn').onclick = () => { const on = stepCtrl.toggleAuto(); $('autoBtn').textContent = on ? '暂停' : '自动播放'; };
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$('resetBtn').onclick = () => { stepCtrl.reset(); $('autoBtn').textContent = '自动播放'; };
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}
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init();
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$('codeArea').innerHTML = renderCode(`def generateParenthesis(n):
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res = []
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def backtrack(path, open, close):
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if len(path) == 2 * n:
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res.append(''.join(path))
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return
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if open < n:
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path.append('(')
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backtrack(path, open + 1, close)
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path.pop()
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if close < open:
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path.append(')')
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backtrack(path, open, close + 1)
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path.pop()
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backtrack([], 0, 0)
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return res`, {lang:'Python'});
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})();
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</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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