223 lines
9.3 KiB
HTML
223 lines
9.3 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh-Hans">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>012. 最小覆盖子串 – 图解</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../shared/style.css">
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<style>
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/* page-specific overrides */
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.vis-area { min-height: 120px; padding: 16px 0; }
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.code-section { margin-top: 16px; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<h1>🔴 012. 最小覆盖子串 <span class="badge hard">困难</span></h1>
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<p class="subtitle">分类：子串 ｜ LeetCode Hot 100</p>
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<!-- 控制面板 -->
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<div class="controls" id="controls">
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<label for="inputArea">输入：</label>
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<input type="text" id="inputArea" placeholder="默认示例，可自定义">
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<button id="applyBtn" class="primary">生成图解</button>
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<select id="exampleSelect"></select>
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<span style="flex:1"></span>
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<button id="prevBtn">◀ 上一步</button>
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<button id="nextBtn">下一步 ▶</button>
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<button id="jumpBtn">⏭ 跳到结果</button>
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<button id="autoBtn">自动播放</button>
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<button id="resetBtn">重置</button>
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</div>
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<!-- 步骤流水线 -->
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<div class="pipeline" id="pipeline"></div>
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<!-- 提示条 -->
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<div class="hint info" id="hintBox">
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<span id="stepInfo"></span><br>
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<span id="hintText"></span>
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</div>
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<!-- 可视化面板 -->
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<div class="panels">
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<div class="panel" id="mainPanel">
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<h3>📊 可视化</h3>
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<div class="vis-area" id="vizArea">点击「生成图解」开始</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-grid">
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<div class="panel" id="detailPanel">
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<h3>📝 当前步骤详情</h3>
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<div id="detailContent">等待开始...</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel" id="resultPanel">
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<h3>✅ 结果</h3>
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<div id="resultContent">等待完成...</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 代码 -->
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<div class="panel code-section">
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<h3>💻 参考代码（Python）</h3>
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<div id="codeArea"></div>
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</div>
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<footer>Powered by QwenPaw · 图解算法 · LeetCode Hot 100</footer>
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</div>
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<script src="../shared/algo-viz.js"></script>
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<script>
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"use strict";
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(function() {
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// ========== Algorithm Logic ==========
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const examples = [
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{input: "ADOBECODEBANC", t: "ABC", label: '示例1: s="ADOBECODEBANC", t="ABC"'},
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{input: "a", t: "a", label: '示例2: s="a", t="a"'},
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{input: "a", t: "aa", label: '示例3: s="a", t="aa"'},
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];
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let s, t, steps, stepCtrl;
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function buildSteps(str, target) {
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s = str; t = target; steps = [];
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const need = {};
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for (const ch of target) need[ch] = (need[ch] || 0) + 1;
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const needKeys = Object.keys(need);
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const totalNeed = needKeys.length;
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let have = 0;
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const window = {};
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let left = 0;
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let minLen = Infinity, minLeft = -1;
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steps.push({stage:'init', msg:`初始化：need={${needKeys.map(k=>k+':'+need[k]).join(', ')}}，需要满足 ${totalNeed} 种字符`, left:0, right:-1, window:{}, have:0, need:{...need}, minLen, minLeft, totalNeed});
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for (let right = 0; right < str.length; right++) {
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const ch = str[right];
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window[ch] = (window[ch] || 0) + 1;
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if (need[ch] && window[ch] === need[ch]) have++;
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steps.push({stage:'expand', msg:`right=${right}，加入 '${ch}'，window['${ch}']=${window[ch]}，have=${have}/${totalNeed}`, left, right, window:{...window}, have, need:{...need}, minLen, minLeft, totalNeed});
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while (have === totalNeed) {
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const curLen = right - left + 1;
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if (curLen < minLen) {
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minLen = curLen; minLeft = left;
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steps.push({stage:'update', msg:`找到有效窗口 [${left},${right}]，长度=${curLen}，更新最小窗口`, left, right, window:{...window}, have, need:{...need}, minLen, minLeft, totalNeed});
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}
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const leftCh = str[left];
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window[leftCh]--;
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if (need[leftCh] && window[leftCh] < need[leftCh]) have--;
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left++;
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steps.push({stage:'shrink', msg:`收缩左边 '${leftCh}'，left=${left}，have=${have}/${totalNeed}`, left, right, window:{...window}, have, need:{...need}, minLen, minLeft, totalNeed});
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}
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}
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if (minLeft === -1) {
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steps.push({stage:'done', msg:'遍历完毕，未找到覆盖子串', left:0, right:s.length-1, window:{}, have:0, need:{...need}, minLen:0, minLeft:-1, totalNeed});
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} else {
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steps.push({stage:'done', msg:`最小覆盖子串: "${s.slice(minLeft, minLeft+minLen)}"，长度=${minLen}`, left:minLeft, right:minLeft+minLen-1, window:{}, have:0, need:{...need}, minLen, minLeft, totalNeed});
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}
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}
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function render(step) {
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const s_ = steps[step];
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const hl = {};
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if (s_.left >= 0 && s_.right >= 0) {
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for (let i = s_.left; i <= Math.min(s_.right, s.length - 1); i++) hl[i] = 'blue';
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}
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if (s_.stage === 'update' || s_.stage === 'done') {
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if (s_.minLeft >= 0) {
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for (let i = s_.minLeft; i < s_.minLeft + s_.minLen && i < s.length; i++) hl[i] = 'green';
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}
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}
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let viz = '<div style="margin-bottom:6px;"><b>s = </b></div>';
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viz += renderArray(s.split(''), {highlights: hl, pointers: s_.left >= 0 && s_.right >= 0 ? {L: s_.left, R: Math.min(s_.right, s.length-1)} : {}});
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viz += '<div style="margin:10px 0 6px;"><b>t = </b></div>';
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viz += renderArray(t.split(''), {highlights: {}});
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const allKeys = [...new Set([...Object.keys(s_.need), ...Object.keys(s_.window)])].sort();
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viz += '<div class="table-wrap" style="margin-top:12px;"><table><tr><th>字符</th><th>需要</th><th>窗口有</th><th>满足?</th></tr>';
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allKeys.forEach(k_ => {
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const nv = s_.need[k_] || 0;
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const wv = s_.window[k_] || 0;
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const satisfied = wv >= nv;
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viz += `<tr><td><code>'${k_}'</code></td><td>${nv}</td><td>${wv}</td><td style="color:${satisfied?'var(--green)':'var(--red)'};font-weight:700;">${satisfied?'✓':'✗'}</td></tr>`;
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});
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viz += '</table></div>';
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viz += `<div style="margin-top:6px;">have=${s_.have} / need=${s_.totalNeed} 种字符满足</div>`;
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if (s_.minLen < Infinity && s_.minLen > 0) {
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viz += `<div style="margin-top:4px;color:var(--green-dark);font-weight:600;">最小窗口: "${s.slice(s_.minLeft, s_.minLeft + s_.minLen)}" 长度=${s_.minLen}</div>`;
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}
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$('vizArea').innerHTML = viz;
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$('detailContent').innerHTML = '<div class="calc-block">' + s_.msg + '</div>';
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if (s_.stage === 'done') {
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if (s_.minLeft === -1) {
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$('resultContent').innerHTML = '<div class="final-answer" style="border-color:#f87171;background:#fef2f2;">未找到覆盖子串，返回空串</div>';
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} else {
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$('resultContent').innerHTML = `<div class="final-answer">最小覆盖子串 = <b>"${s.slice(s_.minLeft, s_.minLeft + s_.minLen)}"</b><br>长度 = ${s_.minLen}</div>`;
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}
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}
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$('hintText').textContent = s_.msg;
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const stages = ['init→初始化','expand→扩展','update→更新','shrink→收缩','done→完成'];
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$('pipeline').innerHTML = stages.map(st => {
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const [k_,l] = st.split('→');
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return `<span class="pipe-step ${s_.stage===k_?'active':''}">${l}</span>`;
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}).join('<i>→</i>');
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}
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function init() {
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const sel = $('exampleSelect');
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examples.forEach((e,i) => { sel.innerHTML += `<option value="${i}">${e.label}</option>`; });
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$('inputArea').value = 's="ADOBECODEBANC", t="ABC"';
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buildSteps(examples[0].input, examples[0].t);
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stepCtrl = new StepController({onStep: render});
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stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i));
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$('stepInfo').textContent = '步骤 1 / ' + steps.length;
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stepCtrl.onStep = (idx) => { render(idx); $('stepInfo').textContent = `步骤 ${idx+1} / ${steps.length}`; };
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$('applyBtn').onclick = () => {
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const m = $('inputArea').value.match(/s="([^"]+)".*t="([^"]+)"/);
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if (!m) { alert('格式: s="ADOBECODEBANC", t="ABC"'); return; }
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buildSteps(m[1], m[2]); stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i)); render(0);
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$('stepInfo').textContent = '步骤 1 / ' + steps.length;
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};
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$('exampleSelect').onchange = () => {
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const e = examples[parseInt($('exampleSelect').value)];
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$('inputArea').value = `s="${e.input}", t="${e.t}"`;
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buildSteps(e.input, e.t); stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i)); render(0);
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};
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$('prevBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.prev();
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$('nextBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.next();
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$('jumpBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.jumpToEnd();
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$('autoBtn').onclick = () => { const on = stepCtrl.toggleAuto(); $('autoBtn').textContent = on ? '暂停' : '自动播放'; };
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$('resetBtn').onclick = () => { stepCtrl.reset(); $('autoBtn').textContent = '自动播放'; };
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}
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init();
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$('codeArea').innerHTML = renderCode(`def minWindow(s, t):
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from collections import Counter
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need = Counter(t)
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window = {}
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have, need_cnt = 0, len(need)
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left = 0
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min_len = float('inf')
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min_left = -1
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for right, ch in enumerate(s):
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window[ch] = window.get(ch, 0) + 1
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if ch in need and window[ch] == need[ch]:
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have += 1
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while have == need_cnt:
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if right - left + 1 < min_len:
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min_len = right - left + 1
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min_left = left
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left_ch = s[left]
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window[left_ch] -= 1
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if left_ch in need and window[left_ch] < need[left_ch]:
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have -= 1
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left += 1
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return "" if min_left == -1 else s[min_left:min_left+min_len]`, {lang:'Python'});
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})();
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</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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