209 lines
8.4 KiB
HTML
209 lines
8.4 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh-Hans">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>009. 找到字符串中所有字母异位词 – 图解</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../shared/style.css">
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<style>
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/* page-specific overrides */
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.vis-area { min-height: 120px; padding: 16px 0; }
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.code-section { margin-top: 16px; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<h1>🟡 009. 找到字符串中所有字母异位词 <span class="badge medium">中等</span></h1>
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<p class="subtitle">分类：滑动窗口 ｜ LeetCode Hot 100</p>
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<!-- 控制面板 -->
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<div class="controls" id="controls">
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<label for="inputArea">输入：</label>
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<input type="text" id="inputArea" placeholder="默认示例，可自定义">
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<button id="applyBtn" class="primary">生成图解</button>
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<select id="exampleSelect"></select>
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<span style="flex:1"></span>
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<button id="prevBtn">◀ 上一步</button>
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<button id="nextBtn">下一步 ▶</button>
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<button id="jumpBtn">⏭ 跳到结果</button>
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<button id="autoBtn">自动播放</button>
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<button id="resetBtn">重置</button>
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</div>
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<!-- 步骤流水线 -->
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<div class="pipeline" id="pipeline"></div>
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<!-- 提示条 -->
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<div class="hint info" id="hintBox">
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<span id="stepInfo"></span><br>
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<span id="hintText"></span>
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</div>
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<!-- 可视化面板 -->
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<div class="panels">
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<div class="panel" id="mainPanel">
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<h3>📊 可视化</h3>
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<div class="vis-area" id="vizArea">点击「生成图解」开始</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-grid">
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<div class="panel" id="detailPanel">
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<h3>📝 当前步骤详情</h3>
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<div id="detailContent">等待开始...</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel" id="resultPanel">
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<h3>✅ 结果</h3>
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<div id="resultContent">等待完成...</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 代码 -->
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<div class="panel code-section">
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<h3>💻 参考代码（Python）</h3>
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<div id="codeArea"></div>
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</div>
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<footer>Powered by QwenPaw · 图解算法 · LeetCode Hot 100</footer>
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</div>
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<script src="../shared/algo-viz.js"></script>
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<script>
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"use strict";
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(function() {
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// ========== Algorithm Logic ==========
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const examples = [
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{input: "cbaebabacd", p: "abc", label: '示例1: s="cbaebabacd", p="abc"'},
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{input: "abab", p: "ab", label: '示例2: s="abab", p="ab"'},
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];
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let s, p, steps, stepCtrl;
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function buildSteps(str, pattern) {
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s = str; p = pattern; steps = [];
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const pLen = pattern.length;
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const pFreq = {};
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for (const ch of pattern) pFreq[ch] = (pFreq[ch] || 0) + 1;
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const sFreq = {};
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let left = 0;
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const result = [];
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steps.push({stage:'init', msg:`初始化：固定窗口大小=${pLen}，统计 p 的频率`, left:0, right:-1, sFreq:{}, pFreq:{...pFreq}, result:[], matchCount:0});
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for (let right = 0; right < str.length; right++) {
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const ch = str[right];
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sFreq[ch] = (sFreq[ch] || 0) + 1;
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let matchCount = 0;
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for (const k in pFreq) { if (sFreq[k] === pFreq[k]) matchCount++; }
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const totalKeys = Object.keys(pFreq).length;
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steps.push({stage:'expand', msg:`right=${right}，加入 '${ch}'，窗口 [${left},${right}]`, left, right, sFreq:{...sFreq}, pFreq:{...pFreq}, result:[...result], matchCount, totalKeys});
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if (right - left + 1 > pLen) {
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const removed = str[left];
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sFreq[removed]--;
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if (sFreq[removed] === 0) delete sFreq[removed];
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left++;
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matchCount = 0;
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for (const k in pFreq) { if (sFreq[k] === pFreq[k]) matchCount++; }
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steps.push({stage:'shrink', msg:`窗口超出大小，移除左边 '${removed}'，left=${left}`, left, right, sFreq:{...sFreq}, pFreq:{...pFreq}, result:[...result], matchCount, totalKeys});
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}
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if (right - left + 1 === pLen) {
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if (matchCount === totalKeys) {
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result.push(left);
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steps.push({stage:'found', msg:`窗口 [${left},${right}] 是异位词！记录起始位置 ${left}`, left, right, sFreq:{...sFreq}, pFreq:{...pFreq}, result:[...result], matchCount, totalKeys});
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}
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}
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}
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steps.push({stage:'done', msg:`遍历完毕，找到 ${result.length} 个异位词起始位置`, left:0, right:s.length-1, sFreq:{}, pFreq:{...pFreq}, result:[...result], matchCount:0, totalKeys:Object.keys(pFreq).length});
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}
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function render(step) {
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const s_ = steps[step];
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const hl = {};
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if (s_.left >= 0 && s_.right >= 0) {
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for (let i = s_.left; i <= Math.min(s_.right, s.length - 1); i++) hl[i] = 'blue';
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}
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if (s_.stage === 'found') {
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for (let i = s_.left; i <= Math.min(s_.right, s.length - 1); i++) hl[i] = 'green';
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}
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let viz = '<div style="margin-bottom:6px;"><b>s = </b></div>';
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viz += renderArray(s.split(''), {highlights: hl, pointers: {L: s_.left, R: s_.right >= 0 && s_.right < s.length ? s_.right : -1}});
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viz += '<div style="margin:10px 0 6px;"><b>p = </b></div>';
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viz += renderArray(p.split(''), {highlights: {}});
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viz += '<div class="table-wrap" style="margin-top:12px;"><table><tr><th>字符</th><th>p 频率</th><th>窗口频率</th><th>匹配?</th></tr>';
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const allKeys = [...new Set([...Object.keys(s_.pFreq), ...Object.keys(s_.sFreq)])].sort();
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allKeys.forEach(k => {
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const pv = s_.pFreq[k] || 0;
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const sv = s_.sFreq[k] || 0;
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const match = pv === sv;
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viz += `<tr><td><code>'${k}'</code></td><td>${pv}</td><td>${sv}</td><td style="color:${match?'var(--green)':'var(--red)'};font-weight:700;">${match?'✓':'✗'}</td></tr>`;
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});
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viz += '</table></div>';
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if (s_.matchCount !== undefined && s_.totalKeys) {
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viz += `<div style="margin-top:6px;">匹配字符数: ${s_.matchCount} / ${s_.totalKeys}</div>`;
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}
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$('vizArea').innerHTML = viz;
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$('detailContent').innerHTML = '<div class="calc-block">' + s_.msg + '</div>';
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if (s_.stage === 'done') {
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$('resultContent').innerHTML = `<div class="final-answer">起始索引 = <b>[${s_.result}]</b><br>共找到 ${s_.result.length} 个异位词</div>`;
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}
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$('hintText').textContent = s_.msg;
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const stages = ['init→初始化','expand→扩展','shrink→收缩','found→找到','done→完成'];
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$('pipeline').innerHTML = stages.map(st => {
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const [k,l] = st.split('→');
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return `<span class="pipe-step ${s_.stage===k?'active':''}">${l}</span>`;
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}).join('<i>→</i>');
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}
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function init() {
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const sel = $('exampleSelect');
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examples.forEach((e,i) => { sel.innerHTML += `<option value="${i}">${e.label}</option>`; });
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$('inputArea').value = 's="cbaebabacd", p="abc"';
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buildSteps(examples[0].input, examples[0].p);
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stepCtrl = new StepController({onStep: render});
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stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i));
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$('stepInfo').textContent = '步骤 1 / ' + steps.length;
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stepCtrl.onStep = (idx) => { render(idx); $('stepInfo').textContent = `步骤 ${idx+1} / ${steps.length}`; };
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$('applyBtn').onclick = () => {
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const m = $('inputArea').value.match(/s="([^"]+)".*p="([^"]+)"/);
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if (!m) { alert('格式: s="cbaebabacd", p="abc"'); return; }
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buildSteps(m[1], m[2]); stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i)); render(0);
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$('stepInfo').textContent = '步骤 1 / ' + steps.length;
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};
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$('exampleSelect').onchange = () => {
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const e = examples[parseInt($('exampleSelect').value)];
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$('inputArea').value = `s="${e.input}", p="${e.p}"`;
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buildSteps(e.input, e.p); stepCtrl.setSteps(steps.map((_,i)=>i)); render(0);
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};
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$('prevBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.prev();
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$('nextBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.next();
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$('jumpBtn').onclick = () => stepCtrl.jumpToEnd();
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$('autoBtn').onclick = () => { const on = stepCtrl.toggleAuto(); $('autoBtn').textContent = on ? '暂停' : '自动播放'; };
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$('resetBtn').onclick = () => { stepCtrl.reset(); $('autoBtn').textContent = '自动播放'; };
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}
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init();
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$('codeArea').innerHTML = renderCode(`def findAnagrams(s, p):
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from collections import Counter
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p_freq = Counter(p)
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s_freq = Counter()
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left = 0
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result = []
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for right in range(len(s)):
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s_freq[s[right]] += 1
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if right - left + 1 > len(p):
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s_freq[s[left]] -= 1
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if s_freq[s[left]] == 0:
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del s_freq[s[left]]
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left += 1
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if right - left + 1 == len(p) and s_freq == p_freq:
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result.append(left)
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return result`, {lang:'Python'});
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})();
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</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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