2026-05-23 18:49:50 +08:00
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# 数据存储
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2026-05-24 10:38:31 +08:00
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## 选型
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| 用途 | 方案 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| 持久化存储 | MySQL 8.0+ | 工程、任务、素材元数据、风格配置全部落库 |
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| 文件存储 | OSS 对象存储 | 生成的图片与 spritesheet 文件上传至 S3 兼容存储桶，通过 CDN URL 访问 |
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| 认证 | JWT | 简单注册登录，Bearer Token 鉴权 |
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| 缓存 / 去重 | MySQL + 应用层内存 | 请求去重通过数据库唯一约束 + 应用层 sync.Map 实现短期去重窗口，不引入 Redis |
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**不用 Redis 的理由**：gen2d 是单实例部署的工具型应用，并发量有限，任务状态轮询即可满足实时性需求。MySQL 完全能覆盖缓存、去重、队列语义，引入 Redis 增加运维复杂度但收益不大。
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---
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## 表结构
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### user — 用户
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE `user` (
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`id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- 用户 ID，如 user_a1B2c3
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`username` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL, -- 登录用户名
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`email` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, -- 邮箱
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`password_hash` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, -- bcrypt 哈希
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`created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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`updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
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UNIQUE KEY `uk_username` (`username`),
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UNIQUE KEY `uk_email` (`email`)
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) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
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```
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### project — 工程
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE `project` (
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`id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- 项目 ID，如 proj_abc123
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`user_id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- 所属用户
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`name` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, -- 工程名称
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`created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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`updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
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KEY `idx_user` (`user_id`, `created_at`),
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CONSTRAINT `fk_project_user` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
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) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
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```
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### project_style — 工程风格
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工程级键值对，保证同一工程下所有素材风格一致。每个工程恰好一行。
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE `project_style` (
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`id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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`project_id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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`kv_pairs` JSON NOT NULL, -- {"artStyle":"pixel","palette":"warm",...}
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`created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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`updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
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UNIQUE KEY `uk_project` (`project_id`),
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CONSTRAINT `fk_style_project` FOREIGN KEY (`project_id`) REFERENCES `project` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
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) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
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```
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### task — 生成任务
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE `task` (
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`id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- 任务 ID，如 task_xyz789
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`project_id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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`prompt` TEXT NOT NULL, -- 用户原始文本
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`asset_type` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, -- sprite / background / ui / animation
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`task_style` JSON NULL, -- 任务级风格覆盖，可为 NULL
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`params` JSON NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}', -- {"resolution":64,"frames":{...},"format":"spritesheet"}
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`status` VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending', -- pending / running / completed / failed
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`stage` VARCHAR(32) NULL, -- 当前管线阶段：prompt_builder / asset_generator / quality_supervisor / format_adapter
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`progress` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, -- 0-100
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`retry_count` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
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`error` TEXT NULL, -- 失败原因
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`created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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`updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
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KEY `idx_project` (`project_id`, `created_at`),
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KEY `idx_status` (`status`),
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CONSTRAINT `fk_task_project` FOREIGN KEY (`project_id`) REFERENCES `project` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
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) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
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```
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### asset — 生成素材
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE `asset` (
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`id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- 素材 ID，如 asset_001
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`task_id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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`url` VARCHAR(512) NOT NULL, -- OSS 完整 URL 或相对路径
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`format` VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'png', -- png / json
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`width` INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
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`height` INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
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`metadata` JSON NULL, -- {"frameWidth":64,"frameHeight":64,"frameCount":4,"directions":1}
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`created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
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KEY `idx_task` (`task_id`),
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CONSTRAINT `fk_asset_task` FOREIGN KEY (`task_id`) REFERENCES `task` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
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) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
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```
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---
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## ER 关系
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```
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user 1 ── N project
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project 1 ── 1 project_style
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project 1 ── N task
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task 1 ── N asset
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```
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对应 [后端工程](backend.md) 中的关键实体定义，所有一对多关系通过外键 + CASCADE 删除维护。
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---
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## ID 生成
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使用 **Sonyflake**（或类似分布式 ID 方案）生成 20 字符的字符串 ID，格式为 `{前缀}_{base62}`：
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| 实体 | 前缀 | 示例 |
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|------|------|------|
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| user | `user` | `user_a1B2c3D4` |
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| project | `proj` | `proj_3kF9a2Bc` |
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| project_style | `sty` | `sty_7xM2pQ1d` |
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| task | `task` | `task_9bN4vR8e` |
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| asset | `asset` | `asset_2wK6tY5f` |
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---
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## 文件存储
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使用 S3 兼容对象存储（如阿里云 OSS、MinIO），用户生成的素材持久化保存，便于重复利用。
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### OSS Key 结构
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```
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{bucket}/
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└── users/
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└── {userId}/
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└── projects/
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└── {projectId}/
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└── tasks/
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└── {taskId}/
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├── raw/ # AssetGenerator 输出的原始图片
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│ ├── 0.png
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│ ├── 1.png
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│ └── ...
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├── output/ # FormatAdapter 输出的最终素材
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│ ├── spritesheet.png
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│ └── metadata.json
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└── pipeline.log # 管线执行日志
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```
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### 访问方式
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- **开发环境**：Gin 静态文件服务，路由 `/files/*` 映射到本地 `data/` 目录，无需 OSS。
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- **生产环境**：文件上传至 OSS 存储桶，`asset.url` 存储完整 CDN URL，前端直接访问。
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### asset 表的 url 字段
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- 开发环境：相对路径，如 `projects/proj_abc/tasks/task_xyz/output/spritesheet.png`，前端通过 `/files/{url}` 拼接。
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- 生产环境：完整 URL，如 `https://cdn.example.com/users/user_xxx/projects/proj_abc/tasks/task_xyz/output/spritesheet.png`。
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---
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## 去重策略
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相同 prompt + assetType + params 的并发请求，通过应用层去重避免重复生成：
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1. 请求到达时，计算 `hash(prompt + assetType + params)` 作为去重键。
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2. 应用内存（`sync.Map`）中查找该键：
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- 若存在且任务仍在运行中，直接返回已有 taskId。
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- 若不存在，写入内存并提交任务。
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3. 任务完成或失败后，从内存中清除（可设置 TTL 过期兜底）。
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不依赖数据库唯一约束做去重，因为相同输入在不同时间点应该允许重新生成。
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---
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## 配置
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数据库连接信息通过环境变量注入：
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| 环境变量 | 默认值 | 说明 |
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| `GEN2D_DB_DSN` | `root:@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/gen2d?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local` | MySQL DSN |
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| `GEN2D_DB_MAX_OPEN` | `25` | 最大连接数 |
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| `GEN2D_DB_MAX_IDLE` | `5` | 最大空闲连接数 |
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| `GEN2D_DB_MAX_LIFETIME` | `300` | 连接最大存活时间（秒） |
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| `GEN2D_JWT_SECRET` | — | JWT 签名密钥（必填） |
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| `GEN2D_JWT_EXPIRE` | `7200` | Token 过期时间（秒） |
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| `GEN2D_OSS_ENDPOINT` | — | OSS Endpoint（生产环境必填） |
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| `GEN2D_OSS_BUCKET` | — | 存储桶名称 |
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| `GEN2D_OSS_ACCESS_KEY` | — | Access Key ID |
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| `GEN2D_OSS_SECRET_KEY` | — | Access Key Secret |
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| `GEN2D_OSS_CDN_DOMAIN` | — | CDN 域名（可选，用于拼接公开访问 URL） |
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在 `config.go` 中扩展字段即可，无需额外依赖。
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---
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## 迁移
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使用 [golang-migrate](https://github.com/golang-migrate/migrate) 管理 schema 版本：
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```
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backend/internal/migrations/
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├── 000001_init_user.up.sql
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├── 000001_init_user.down.sql
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├── 000002_init_project.up.sql
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├── 000002_init_project.down.sql
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├── 000003_init_task.up.sql
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├── 000003_init_task.down.sql
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├── 000004_init_asset.up.sql
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└── 000004_init_asset.down.sql
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```
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启动时自动执行 `migrate.Up()`，保证 schema 与代码版本一致。
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---
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## 索引说明
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| 表 | 索引 | 用途 |
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| `user` | `uk_username (username)` | 用户名唯一约束 |
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| `user` | `uk_email (email)` | 邮箱唯一约束 |
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| `project` | `idx_user (user_id, created_at)` | 用户下工程列表分页查询 |
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| `project_style` | `uk_project (project_id)` | 一个工程一个风格，唯一约束 |
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| `task` | `idx_project (project_id, created_at)` | 工程下任务列表分页查询 |
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| `task` | `idx_status (status)` | 按状态筛选任务（如查找所有 pending 任务） |
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| `asset` | `idx_task (task_id)` | 任务下素材列表查询 |
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