201 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
201 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
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# 14. 部署架构
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> **一句话概括**：Docker Compose 编排 + Prometheus 监控 + Grafana 可视化 + 自动化部署脚本。
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---
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## 容器拓扑
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```mermaid
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flowchart TB
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subgraph "Docker Compose"
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subgraph "应用层"
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FE["frontend-v2\nReact SPA\nNginx :80"]
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BE["backend-v2\nGo HTTP Server\n:8080"]
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end
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subgraph "数据层"
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DB["MySQL\n持久化存储"]
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RD["Redis\n缓存 + 限流"]
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RMQ["RabbitMQ\n消息队列"]
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end
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subgraph "监控层"
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PR["Prometheus\n指标采集 :9090"]
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GF["Grafana\n可视化 :3000"]
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end
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subgraph "外部服务"
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AI["LLM API\n(OpenAI 兼容)"]
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IG["Image Gen API\n文生图"]
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QN["七牛云 CDN\n对象存储"]
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end
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end
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FE -->|"HTTP API"| BE
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BE -->|"SQL"| DB
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BE -->|"Redis 协议"| RD
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BE -->|"AMQP"| RMQ
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BE -->|"HTTP"| AI
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BE -->|"HTTP"| IG
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BE -->|"Upload"| QN
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PR -->|"/metrics\n每 10s"| BE
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GF -->|"PromQL"| PR
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FE -->|"CDN URL"| QN
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style FE fill:#61dafb,stroke:#333,color:#000
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style BE fill:#00add8,stroke:#333,color:#fff
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style PR fill:#e6522c,stroke:#333,color:#fff
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style GF fill:#f46800,stroke:#333,color:#fff
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```
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---
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## 服务组成
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| 服务 | 镜像 | 端口 | 职责 |
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|------|------|------|------|
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| `backend-v2` | 自建 Go 镜像 | `9001:8080` | HTTP API + 管线执行 |
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| `frontend-v2` | 自建 Nginx 镜像 | `9000:80` | React SPA 静态资源 |
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| `redis` | `redis:7-alpine` | `6379` | 令牌桶限流 + 缓存 |
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| `rabbitmq` | `rabbitmq:3-management` | `5672/15672` | 可选消息队列 |
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| `prometheus` | `prom/prometheus` | `9090` | 指标采集与告警 |
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| `grafana` | `grafana/grafana` | `3000` | 仪表盘可视化 |
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---
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## 监控栈
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### Prometheus 配置
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```yaml
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# deploy/prometheus/prometheus.yml
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scrape_configs:
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- job_name: "gen2d-backend"
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static_configs:
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- targets: ["backend-v2:8080"]
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metrics_path: "/metrics"
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scrape_interval: 10s
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```
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Prometheus 每 **10 秒**抓取一次后端的 `/metrics` 端点，采集全部 35+ 指标。
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### Grafana 自动化
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```mermaid
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flowchart LR
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subgraph "Provisioning"
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DS["datasources/\n自动配置数据源"]
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DB["dashboards/\n自动导入仪表盘"]
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end
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subgraph "Grafana"
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GF["Grafana Server\n:3000"]
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end
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DS -->|"启动时加载"| GF
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DB -->|"启动时加载"| GF
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```
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Grafana 通过 provisioning 机制自动加载：
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- **数据源配置** — 指向 Prometheus 实例
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- **仪表盘 JSON** — 预定义的 3 个仪表盘
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### 告警规则
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10 条告警规则覆盖全栈关键指标：
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| 告警名称 | 条件 | 严重程度 |
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|----------|------|----------|
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| 后端实例宕机 | `up == 0` 持续 1 分钟 | Critical |
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| HTTP 5xx 错误率 | `> 5%` 持续 2 分钟 | Warning |
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| 请求延迟过高 | `P99 > 5s` 持续 3 分钟 | Warning |
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| 管线任务失败率 | `> 10%` 持续 5 分钟 | Warning |
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| 协程池队列满 | `pool_queued_tasks > 90` | Warning |
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| 协程池拒绝率 | `> 20%` 持续 2 分钟 | Critical |
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| 用户限流触发 | `rate_limit_rejected > 50/min` | Info |
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| Redis 连接失败 | `redis_up == 0` | Warning |
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| RabbitMQ 连接失败 | `rabbitmq_up == 0` | Warning |
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| 磁盘空间不足 | `< 10%` 可用 | Critical |
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---
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## 部署脚本
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```mermaid
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flowchart TD
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A["deploy.sh"] --> B["拉取最新代码"]
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B --> C["构建后端镜像\ndocker build"]
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C --> D["构建前端镜像\ndocker build"]
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D --> E["docker compose up -d"]
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E --> F["健康检查\n等待服务就绪"]
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F --> G["部署完成"]
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style A fill:#4caf50,stroke:#333,color:#fff
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```
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部署脚本 `deploy.sh` 负责：
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1. 拉取最新代码
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2. 构建 Docker 镜像
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3. 使用 Docker Compose 启动所有服务
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4. 执行健康检查验证部署
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---
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## 配置管理
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```mermaid
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flowchart LR
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subgraph "配置源"
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Y["config.yaml\n文件配置"]
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E[".env\n环境变量"]
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D["默认值\n代码内置"]
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end
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subgraph "加载优先级"
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P["ENV > YAML > Default"]
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end
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subgraph "运行时"
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C["Config Struct\n全局配置对象"]
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end
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D --> P
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Y --> P
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E --> P
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P --> C
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```
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| 环境 | 配置方式 | 说明 |
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|------|----------|------|
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| 开发 | `config.yaml` 文件 | 本地开发，配置直观 |
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| 测试 | 环境变量覆盖 | CI/CD 管线注入 |
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| 生产 | K8s ConfigMap / Secret | 容器编排平台管理 |
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---
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## 网络与存储
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### Docker 网络
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所有服务加入 `gen2d-v2-net` 桥接网络，容器间通过服务名互相访问。
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### 数据卷
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| 卷名 | 挂载点 | 用途 |
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|------|--------|------|
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| `backend-v2-data` | `/data` | 后端持久化数据 |
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| MySQL data | 默认 | 数据库持久化 |
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| Redis data | 默认 | 缓存持久化 |
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---
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## 关联文档
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| 文档 | 关系 |
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|------|------|
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| [07 - 可观测性](07-observability.md) | Prometheus 指标与 Grafana 仪表盘详情 |
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| [15 - 配置级联](15-config-cascade.md) | YAML / ENV / Default 三层配置机制 |
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| [01 - 系统总览](01-system-overview.md) | 部署架构在整体系统中的位置 |
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| [00 - 索引](00-index.md) | 返回文档总览 |
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