276 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
276 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
# note-setup 配置说明
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## 基本配置
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导入常用的基础宏包
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```latex
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\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm,amsfonts,amssymb}
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\usepackage{mathtools}
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\usepackage{mathrsfs}
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\usepackage{bm}
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\usepackage{extarrows}
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\usepackage[a4paper, margin=1in]{geometry}
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\usepackage{float}
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\usepackage{indentfirst}
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\usepackage{anyfontsize}
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\usepackage{booktabs,multirow,multicol}
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\usepackage[shortlabels,inline]{enumitem}
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\usepackage{appendix}
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```
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导入颜色支持的宏包
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```latex
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\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
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```
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插入图片以及子图的相关宏包，对图片文件夹路径进行配置
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```latex
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\usepackage{graphicx}
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\graphicspath{
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{./figure/}{./figures/}{./image/}{./images/}{./graphic/}
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{./graphics/}{./picture/}{./pictures/}
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}
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\usepackage{subcaption}
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```
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导入算法环境的宏包
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```latex
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\usepackage[ruled,linesnumbered,noline]{algorithm2e}
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```
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导入代码环境的宏包并配置样式
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```latex
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\usepackage{listings}
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\lstdefinestyle{simpleStyle}{
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basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,
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breaklines=true,
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keywordstyle=\color{blue},
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identifierstyle=\color{black},
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stringstyle=\color{violet},
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commentstyle=\color[RGB]{34,139,34},
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showstringspaces=false,
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numbers=left,
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numbersep=2em,
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numberstyle=\footnotesize,
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frame=single,
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framesep=1em,
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}
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\lstset{style=simpleStyle}
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```
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导入超链接支持的宏包
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```latex
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\usepackage{hyperref}
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\hypersetup{
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colorlinks=true,linkcolor=,urlcolor=cyan
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}
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```
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## 定理环境
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修改 proof 环境的引导词为 Proof，样式为加粗无斜体
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```latex
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\renewcommand*{\proofname}{\normalfont\bfseries Proof}
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```
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导入 thmtools 宏包，使用 `\declaretheorem` 命令来定义各种定理环境（比`\newtheorem`命令更加方便）
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```latex
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\usepackage{thmtools}
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```
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使用的 `\declaretheorem` 命令参数包括：
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- `style`: 定理环境样式，amsthm 内置的样式包括
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- plain（默认）：引导词是正体，内容是斜体
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- definition：引导词和内容都是正体
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- remark：引导词是斜体，内容是正体
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- `name`：显示在正文中的引导词（不等于环境的名称）
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- `numbered`：是否开启编号
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- `numberwithin`、`sibling`：定义编号规则，例如
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- `numberwithin=section`：基于 section 编号
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- `sibling=theorem`：共享 `theorem` 环境的编号
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具体包括：
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- 采用 plain 样式，定义 `theorem`/`theorem*`、`proposition`/`proposition*`、`corollary`/`corollary*`、`lemma`/`lemma*`、`claim`/`claim*` 环境
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```latex
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%% define environments
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Theorem, numbered=yes, numberwithin=section]{theorem}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Theorem, numbered=no]{theorem*}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Proposition, numbered=yes, sibling=theorem]{proposition}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Proposition, numbered=no]{proposition*}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Corollary, numbered=yes, sibling=theorem]{corollary}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Corollary, numbered=no]{corollary*}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Lemma, numbered=yes, sibling=theorem]{lemma}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Lemma, numbered=no]{lemma*}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Claim, numbered=yes, sibling=theorem]{claim}
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\declaretheorem[style=plain, name=Claim, numbered=no]{claim*}
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```
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- 采用 definition 样式，定义 `definition`/`definition*`、`example`/`example*`、`problem`/`problem*` 环境
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```latex
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\declaretheorem[style=definition, name=Definition, numbered=yes, numberwithin=section]{definition}
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\declaretheorem[style=definition, name=Definition, numbered=no]{definition*}
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\declaretheorem[style=definition, name=Example, numbered=yes, numberwithin=section]{example}
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\declaretheorem[style=definition, name=Example, numbered=no]{example*}
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\declaretheorem[style=definition, name=Problem, numbered=yes, numberwithin=section]{problem}
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\declaretheorem[style=definition, name=Problem, numbered=no]{problem*}
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```
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- 采用 remark 样式，定义 `remark`/`remark*` 环境
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```latex
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\declaretheorem[style=remark, name=Remark, numbered=yes, numberwithin=section]{remark}
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\declaretheorem[style=remark, name=Remark, numbered=no]{remark*}
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```
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- 使用 `\declaretheoremstyle` 命令定义新的 notestyle 样式，类似 remark 环境，但是引导词变成 Note，并且有颜色
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```latex
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\declaretheoremstyle[headfont=\color{orange!80}\bfseries, bodyfont=\normalfont, spaceabove=3pt, spacebelow=3pt]{notestyle}
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```
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- 采用新定义的 notestyle 样式，定义 `note`/`note*` 环境
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```latex
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\declaretheorem[style=notestyle, name=Note, numbered=yes, numberwithin=section]{note}
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\declaretheorem[style=notestyle, name=Note, numbered=no]{note*}
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```
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- 使用 `\declaretheoremstyle` 命令定义新的 solutionstyle 样式，类似 proof 环境，但是引导词变成 Solution
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```latex
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\declaretheoremstyle[headfont=\bfseries, bodyfont=\normalfont, spaceabove=3pt, spacebelow=3pt, qed=\ensuremath{\square}]{solutionstyle}
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```
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- 采用新定义的 solutionstyle 样式，定义 `solution`/`solition*` 环境
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```latex
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\declaretheorem[style=solutionstyle, name=Solution, numbered=yes, numberwithin=section]{solution}
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\declaretheorem[style=solutionstyle, name=Solution, numbered=no]{solution*}
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```
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## 定理环境的美化
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导入 tcolorbox 宏包以使用盒子美化现有的定理环境
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```latex
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\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}
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```
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tcolorbox 宏包的功能非常复杂，这里只需要使用 `\tcolorboxenvironment` 命令。
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首先封装一个 `\newtcbenvironment` 命令
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```latex
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\newcommand{\newtcbenvironment}[2]{
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\tcolorboxenvironment{#1}{#2, enhanced, breakable, sharp corners, boxrule=1pt}
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\tcolorboxenvironment{#1*}{#2, enhanced, breakable, rounded corners, boxrule=1pt}
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}
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```
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它可以同时为 `#1` 以及 `#1*` 这两个环境加上盒子，公共参数：
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- `#2`：在定义时传入的参数，这里主要是边框颜色和背景色
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- `enhanced`：样式增强
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- `breakable`：允许跨页
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- `boxrule=1pt`：边框宽度为 1pt
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还有不同的参数：
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- `#1` 盒子使用直角边框（`sharp corners`）
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- `#1*` 盒子使用圆角边框（`rounded corners`）
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> 对 `\newtcbenvironment` 内部的公共参数部分进行调整，就可以实现所有盒子只保留左侧边框或者四周无边框等不同的效果。
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下面就是为前面的各种定理环境加上盒子，参数是盒子的边框颜色 `colframe` 和背景色 `colback`
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```latex
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%% define styles
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\newtcbenvironment{theorem}{colframe=RoyalPurple, colback=RoyalPurple!8}
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\newtcbenvironment{proposition}{colframe=RoyalPurple, colback=RoyalPurple!8}
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\newtcbenvironment{corollary}{colframe=NavyBlue, colback=SkyBlue!8}
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\newtcbenvironment{lemma}{colframe=NavyBlue, colback=SkyBlue!8}
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\newtcbenvironment{claim}{colframe=NavyBlue, colback=SkyBlue!8}
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\newtcbenvironment{definition}{colframe=ForestGreen, colback=ForestGreen!5}
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\newtcbenvironment{example}{colframe=RawSienna, colback=RawSienna!5}
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\newtcbenvironment{problem}{colframe=WildStrawberry!30, colback=WildStrawberry!5}
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```
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具体颜色如下表
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| 环境名 | 盒子边框颜色 | 盒子背景色 |
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| :---------------------------: | :---------------: | :--------------: |
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| `theorem`, `proposition` | RoyalPurple | RoyalPurple!8 |
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| `corollary`, `lemma`, `claim` | NavyBlue | SkyBlue!8 |
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| `definition` | ForestGreen | ForestGreen!5 |
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| `example` | RawSienna | RawSienna!5 |
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| `problem` | WildStrawberry!30 | WildStrawberry!5 |
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说明：
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- 这里采用 `xcolor` 宏包所提供的标准颜色，`xxx!n`代表将颜色 `xxx` 以 `n%` 比例和白色混合得到的浅颜色。
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- 为了避免颜色过多，对语义类似的环境合并采用相同的盒子颜色。
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此外，还添加了一个没有标题的简单盒子 `cbox`
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```latex
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%% cbox
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\newtcolorbox{cbox}[1][]{%
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enhanced,
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breakable,
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sharp corners,
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leftrule=2pt, rightrule=0pt, toprule=0pt, bottomrule=0pt,
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colframe=SkyBlue,
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colback=SkyBlue!8,
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#1
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}
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```
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## 自定义封面页
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自定义封面页（参考 [ElegantBook](https://github.com/ElegantLaTeX/ElegantBook) 以及它的若干衍生模板）
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```latex
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%% cover
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\usepackage{titling}
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\newcommand{\extrainfo}{}
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\renewcommand{\extrainfo}[1]{\renewcommand{\extrainfocontent}{#1}}
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\newcommand{\extrainfocontent}{}
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\newcommand{\makecover}[1]{%
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\begin{titlepage}
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\newgeometry{margin=0in}
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\parindent=0pt
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\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{#1} % size = 1280*1024
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\vfill
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\begin{center}
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\parbox{0.618\textwidth}{%
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\raggedleft{\bfseries \Huge \thetitle} \\[0.6pt]
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\rule{0.618\textwidth}{4pt} \\
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}
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\end{center}
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\vfill
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\begin{center}
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\parbox{0.618\textwidth}{%
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\raggedleft\Large
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\begin{tabular}{r}
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\theauthor \\
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\thedate \\
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\end{tabular}%
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}
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\end{center}
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\vfill
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\begin{center}
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\parbox[t]{0.7\textwidth}{\centering \itshape \extrainfocontent}
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\end{center}
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\vfill
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\end{titlepage}
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\restoregeometry
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\thispagestyle{empty}
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}
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% USAGE
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% \extrainfo{xxx}
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% \makecover{/path/to/cover.png}
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```
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这里没有选择覆盖`\maketitle`，而是改成新命令`\makecover`，接收的一个必要参数为封面图的路径。
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封面图建议尺寸为1280*1024，尤其对于jpg格式的图片，尺寸不同会导致编译报错。
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